Introduction
Strings are an essential part of any programming language, and Java is no exception. In Java, strings are objects that represent sequences of characters, and they play an important role in handling text-based data. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced Java developer, having a strong understanding of strings will enhance your coding skills and productivity. In this blog, we will take a deep dive into strings in Java, exploring their fundamentals, common operations, and best practices.
Understanding
Definition: In Java, a string is basically an object that represents a sequence of char values. An array of characters works the same as a Java string.
Creating String: There are 2 types to create a string
String Literals
String new keyword
// String Literals
String str="string";
// String with new Keyword
String str=new String("string");String Methods:
Length(): It will return the length of the string
toString(): It will convert any object into a string to read the object.
substring (): It will convert the string into different parts.
charAt(): It will return the character at that index.
contains(): It will check the element or character or string is present in the string.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// string literal
String stringOriginal = "Java, String are good";
// to get Length of the string
int length = stringOriginal.length();
System.out.println("Length of the string: " + length);
// to Convert to uppercase
String stringUpperCase = stringOriginal.toUpperCase();
System.out.println("Uppercase string: " + stringUpperCase);
// to Convert to lowercase
String stringLowercase = stringOriginal.toLowerCase();
System.out.println("Lowercase string: " + stringLowercase);
// Check if the string contains a specific substring
String contain = "Java";
boolean containsSubstring = stringOriginal.contains(contain);
System.out.println("Does the string contain \"" + contain + "\"? " + containsSubstring);
// Index of a specific character or substring
int indexOfComma = stringOriginal.indexOf(",");
System.out.println("Index of \",\": " + indexOfComma);
// Substring of string
String substring = stringOriginal.substring(7);
System.out.println("Substring from index 7: " + substring);
// to Replace characters
String replacedString = stringOriginal.replace("Hello", "Hi");
System.out.println("Replaced string: " + replacedString);
}
}
Extra
Immutable: In Java, an object is considered immutable if its state cannot be changed after it is created. Once an immutable object is created, its internal state remains fixed for the entire lifetime of the object.
String Pool: The string pool, also known as the string constant pool, is a special memory area in Java's heap memory where string literals are stored. It is a feature designed to optimize memory usage.
Equals: In Java, the equals() method is used to compare the contents of two objects to check if they are "equal" based on their values. For strings, the equals() method is particularly important because it allows you to compare the content of two string objects.
StringBuffer: Java StringBuffer class is used to create mutable (modifiable) String objects. The StringBuffer class in Java is the same as the String class except it is mutable i.e. it can be changed. The StringBuffer class is synchronized.
StringBuilder: Java StringBuilder class is used to create mutable (modifiable) String. The Java StringBuilder class is the same as the StringBuffer class except that it is non-synchronized.
StringBuffer
//StringBuffer
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
// Appending strings
sb.append("Hello, ");
sb.append("StringBuilder");
// Inserting into the string
sb.insert(7, "Awesome ");
System.out.println("Using StringBuilder: " + sb.toString());
}
}
StringBuilder
//StringBuilder
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// Appending strings
sb.append("Hello, ");
sb.append("StringBuilder");
// Inserting into the string
sb.insert(7, "Awesome ");
System.out.println("Using StringBuilder: " + sb.toString());
}
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