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    • Jan 28, 2022

JUNIT Testing - Java Help

What is Testing?

Testing is the process of checking the functionality of an application to ensure it runs as per requirements. Unit testing comes into picture at the developers’ level; it is the testing of single entity (class or method).


Unit testing can be done in two ways :


Manual Testing : Executing a test cases manually without any tool support is known as manual testing.


Automated Testing : Taking tool support and executing the test cases by using an automation tool is known as automation testing.


What is JUnit ?

JUnit is a unit testing framework for Java programming language. It plays a crucial role test-driven development, and is a family of unit testing frameworks collectively known as xUnit.

JUnit promotes the idea of "first testing then coding", which emphasizes on setting up the test data for a piece of code that can be tested first and then implemented. This approach is like "test a little, code a little, test a little, code a little." It increases the productivity of the programmer and the stability of program code, which in turn reduces the stress on the programmer and the time spent on debugging.


Features of JUnit :

  • JUnit is an open source framework, which is used for writing and running tests.

  • Provides annotations to identify test methods.

  • Provides assertions for testing expected results.

  • Provides test runners for running tests.

  • JUnit tests allow you to write codes faster, which increases quality.

  • JUnit is elegantly simple. It is less complex and takes less time.

  • JUnit tests can be run automatically and they check their own results and provide immediate feedback. There's no need to manually comb through a report of test results.

  • JUnit tests can be organized into test suites containing test cases and even other test suites.

  • JUnit shows test progress in a bar that is green if the test is running smoothly, and it turns red when a test fails

For setting up the JUnit in your local computer check out this video

Features of JUnit Test Framework

JUnit test framework provides the following important features −

  • Fixtures

  • Test suites

  • Test runners

  • JUnit classes

Fixtures

Fixtures is a fixed state of a set of objects used as a baseline for running tests. The purpose of a test fixture is to ensure that there is a well-known and fixed environment in which tests are run so that results are repeatable. It includes −

  • setUp() method, which runs before every test invocation.

  • tearDown() method, which runs after every test method.

Test Suites

A test suite bundles a few unit test cases and runs them together. In JUnit, both @RunWith and @Suite annotation are used to run the suite test. Given below is an example that uses TestJunit1 & TestJunit2 test classes.


Test Runners

Test runner is used for executing the test cases. Here is an example that assumes the test class TestJunit already exists.


JUnit Classes

JUnit classes are important classes, used in writing and testing JUnits. Some of the important classes are −

  • Assert − Contains a set of assert methods.

  • TestCase − Contains a test case that defines the fixture to run multiple tests.

  • TestResult − Contains methods to collect the results of executing a test case.

Let's see a small example :


So we are writting a program to test that two Strings are equals or not

Main Class:

import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore;
import org.junit.runner.Result;
import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(JunitClass.class);


        for(Failure failure : result.getFailures()){

            System.out.println(failure.toString());

        }

        System.out.println("Result == "+result.wasSuccessful());
    }
}

JunitClass:


import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import org.junit.Test;

public class JunitClass {

    @Test
    public void setup(){
        String str="CodersArts";
        assertEquals("CodersArts",str);
    }

}

OutPut:

Result == true

So this is a very basic program which shows the JUnit testing


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