What is Views ?
The view component of the model view controller (MVC) architecture is responsible for presenting data to users for consumption and viewing. The View is the python function which takes a request from the web and returns a web response. Response can be simple http response, an HTML template response or HTTP redirect response that redirects to another page.
In this blog we will show you how to use views in django as a data display and view tool. There are two types of view class based views and function based views. If you don't know about django you can check out this blog click here or if you want to learn how to build a simple blog web application using django.
Sample
After you are creating complete project of django, we can create create view in my_blog_site/views.py
In the following code we import the Http response from the django http module. after that we define a function sample_view. This is the view function. All the view function take a HTTP request as a first parameter. The typically name of that is request. The view return is a Http response which is create the response.
Code :
# import Http Response from django
from django.http import HttpResponse
# create a function
def sample_view(request):
# convert to string
html = "Welcome to the Codersarts"
# return response
return HttpResponse(html)Lets get this view to working in my_blog_site/urls.py
code
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from .views import sample_view
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', sample_view),
]
There are two type of view
Function based views
class based views
Function based view
In function based view developer used a function in python which receives as a argument http request object and return the http response object. Generally function based view are divided into four stratergies create, retrieve, update and delete.
Example
code :
def my_view(request, pk):
template_name = 'post_form.html'
form_class = Mypost
form = form_class
if request.method == 'POST':
form = form_class(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('list-view'))
return render(request, template_name, {'form': form})Class based view
This view allows creating a view from the inherited class. class based views is the alternative way of view implementation as python object instead of function. in class based view can be extend more functionalities using mixins. because of code reuseability, we do not need to write same again, it help to reduce the code duplication.
Code :
class MyView(View):
template_name = 'post_form.html'
form_class = MyForm
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = self.form_class
return render(request, template_name, {'form': form})
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = self.form_class(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResonseRedirect(reverse('list-view'))
else:
return render(request, self.template_name, {'form': form})List view
As the name says, it will create the list of items in the project from the database. Here is the simple list view of items
Code :
from django.views.generic import ListView
from . models import Sample
class ItemListView(ListView):
model = Sample
# a html file that will display a list of all the items in inventory model
template_name = '/items.html'
context_object_name = 'items' # how the list will be referred to in the html template
Details view
This view is used to display the data for only one record from the database. Here is the code of sample to print the single record from the database
Code :
from django.views.generic import DetailView
from . models import Sample
class ItemDetailView(DetailView):
model = Sample
template_name =/detail.html'
context_object_name = 'item'
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