What is Vue.js Routing ?
Vue.js does not have a built-in router feature. We need to follow some additional steps to install it.
Direct Download from CDN
The latest version of vue-router is available at https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js
Unpkg.com provides npm-based cdn links. The above link is always updated to the recent version. We can download and host it, and use it with a script tag along with vue.js as follows:
<scriptsrc="/path/to/vue.js"></script><scriptsrc="/path/to/vue-router.js"></script>
Using NPM
To install router using NPM we have to run the following command:
npm install vue-router
Using GitHub
We can also install router from GitHub, for this we have to clone the repository from GitHub as follows:
git clone https://github.com/vuejs/vue-router.git node_modules/vue-router cd node_modules/vue-router npm install npm run build
We will start with a simple example with vue-router.js.
router.html
Output:
When we click on Router Link 1 the browser will display it like this
and when we click on Router link 2 the page will be like the one on the right side.
To start with routing, we need to add the vue-router.js file. Copy the code from https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js and save it in the file vue-router.js.
The script to add the file is added after vue.js as follows:
<script type = "text/javascript" src = "js/vue.js"></script><script type = "text/javascript" src = "js/vue-router.js"></script>
In the body section, there is a router link defined as follows:
<p> . . <router-linkto="/route1">Router Link 1</router-link> . <router-linkto="/route2">Router Link 2</router-link></p>
<router-link> is a component used to navigate to the HTML content to be displayed to the user. The to property is the destination, i.e the source file where the contents to be displayed will be picked.
In the above code, we have created two router links.
Look at the script section where the router is initialized. There are two constants created as follows:
const Route1 = { template: '<div style = "border-radius:20px; background-color:cyan; width:200px; height:50px; margin:10px; font-size:25px; padding:10px;">This is router 1</div>' }; const Route2 = { template: '<div style = "border-radius:20px; background-color:green; width:200px; height:50px; margin:10px; font-size:25px; padding:10px;">This is router 2</div>' }
They have templates, which needs to be shown when the router link is clicked.
Next, is the routes const, which defines the path to be displayed in the URL.
const routes = [ . { path: '/route1', component: Route1}, . { path: '/route2', component: Route2} ];
Routes define the path and the component. The path i.e. /route1 will be displayed in the URL when the user clicks on the router link.
Component takes the templates names to be displayed. The path from the routes need to match with the router link to the property.
For example, <router-link to = ”path here”></router-link>
Next, the instance is created to VueRouter using the following piece of code.
const router = new VueRouter({ . routes // short for `routes: routes` });
Props for Router Link
Let us see some more properties to be passed to <router-link>.
1) to
This is the destination path given to the <router-link>. When clicked, the value of to will be passed to router.push() internally. The value needs to be a string or a location object. When using an object, we need to bind it.
e.g. 1: <router-link to = "/route1">RouterLink1</router-link> . renders as <a href =”#/route”>Router Link </a> e.g.2: <router-link v-bind: to ="{path:'/route1'}"> . RouterLink1</router-link> e.g.3: <router-link v-bind: to = . "{path:'/route1', query: { name: 'Tery' }}">RouterLink1 . </router-link> //router link with query string.
2) replace
Adding replace to the router link will call the router.replace() instead of router.push(). With replace, the navigation history is not stored.
Example
<router-link v-bind: to = "{path:'/route1', query: { name: 'Tery' }}" replace>Router Link 1</router-link>
3) append
Adding append to the <router-link><router-link> will make the path relative.
If we want to go from the router link with path /route1 to router link path /route2, it will show the path in the browser as /route1/route2.
Example
<router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route1'}" append>Router Link 1</router-link>
4) tag
At present <router-link> renders as a tag. In case, we want to render it as some other tag, we need to specifty the same using tag = ”tagname”;
Example
<p> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route1'}" tag = "span">Router Link 1</router-link> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route2'}" tag = "span">Router Link 2</router-link> </p>
We have specified the tag as span and this is what is displayed in the browser.
The tag displayed now is a span tag. We will still see the click going as we click on the router link for navigation.
5) active-class
By default, the active class added when the router link is active is router-link-active. We can overwrite the class by setting the same as shown in the following code.
<style> ._active{ background-color : red; } </style> <p> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route1'}" active-class = "_active">Router Link 1</router-link> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route2'}" tag = "span">Router Link 2</router-link> </p>
The class used is active_class = ”_active”. This is the output displayed in the browser.
6) exact-active-class
The default exactactive class applied is router-link-exact-active. We can overwrite it using exact-active-class.
Example
<p> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route1'}" exact-active-class = "_active">Router Link 1</router-link> <router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route2'}" tag = "span">Router Link 2</router-link> </p>
7) event
At present, the default event for router-link is click event. We can change the same using the event property.
Example
<router-link v-bind:to = "{ path: '/route1'}" event = "mouseover">Router Link 1</router-link>
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