Kotlin is a modern programming language that is used to develop applications for Android, JVM, and the web. In this tutorial, we will learn about control flow in Kotlin, which is an essential aspect of programming.
What is Control Flow?
Control flow refers to the order in which statements are executed in a program. In programming, control flow statements are used to control the flow of execution in a program. There are several control flow statements in Kotlin, including if-else, when, for, and while.
If-Else Statement
The if-else statement is used to execute a block of code based on a condition. The syntax for an if-else statement in Kotlin is as follows:
if (condition) {
// code to be executed if condition is true
} else {
// code to be executed if condition is false
}For example, consider the following code:
val x = 5
if (x > 0) {
println("x is positive")
} else {
println("x is negative")
}
In this example, the condition is x > 0, which is true, so the output will be x is positive.
When Statement
Then when the statement is a flexible alternative to the if-else statement in Kotlin. The when statement can match a value against multiple cases and the code to be executed is determined by the first case that matches. The syntax for a when statement in Kotlin is as follows:
when (expression) {
case1 -> {
// code to be executed if expression matches case1
}
case2 -> {
// code to be executed if expression matches case2
}
...
else -> {
// code to be executed if none of the cases match
}
}
For example, consider the following code:
val x = 5
when (x) {
0 -> println("x is 0")
1 -> println("x is 1")
else -> println("x is neither 0 nor 1")
}
In this example, the value of x is 5, so the output will be x is neither 0 nor 1.
For Loop
The for loop is used to execute a block of code multiple times. The syntax for a for loop in Kotlin is as follows:
for (item in collection) {
// code to be executed for each item in the collection
}
For example, consider the following code:
for (i in 1..10) {
println(i)
}
In this example, the for loop will print the numbers from 1 to 10.
While Loop
The while loop is used to execute a block of code repeatedly as long as a condition is true. The syntax for a while loop in Kotlin is as follows:
while (condition) {
// code to be executed while condition is true
}
For example, consider the following code:
var i = 1
while (i <= 10) {
println(i)
i++
}
In this example, the while loop will print the numbers from 1 to 10.
Conclusion
Control flow is an essential aspect of programming and is used to control the order of execution in a program. Kotlin provides several control flow statements, including if-else, when, for, and while, to support control flow in programs. Understanding how to use these statements is key to writing effective and efficient programs in Kotlin. Hope you understand the control flow of kotlin in the next blog we are going to learn lists in kotlin.
Thank you
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